VMware provides virtualization and cloud infrastructure software; flaws or misconfigurations can expose hosts, workloads, credentials, and management systems.
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Background for this topic.
VMware is a virtualization platform that runs multiple virtual machines on shared physical servers. Its ESXi hypervisor provides the underlying isolation, while vCenter Server centrally manages hosts, virtual machines, networks, and storage. Because these components operate beneath or across many workloads, compromise of a host or management account can expose multiple systems; virtual-machine isolation reduces risk but is not an absolute security boundary.
Security teams should treat ESXi hosts and management services as privileged infrastructure: restrict management interfaces, separate administrative networks, enforce strong authentication and role-based access, monitor administrative actions, and promptly assess security advisories and patches. Vulnerabilities in the hypervisor, management plane, or virtual networking and storage layers can enable unauthorized access, guest-to-host escape, or service disruption, depending on the flaw and configuration. Incident investigations should also account for host and vCenter logs, snapshots, templates, and backups, which can contain sensitive data or retained credentials.
An increasing number of ransomware operations are adopting the leaked Babuk ransomware source code to create Linux encryptors targeting VMware ESXi servers. [...]
Multiple threat actors have capitalized on the leak of Babuk (aka Babak or Babyk) ransomware code in September 2021 to build as many as nine different ransomware families capable of targeting VMware ESXi systems
The ransomware gang has also started using the BatLoader dropper and SEO poisoning for initial access.