Victims are people, organizations, or public bodies that suffer harm from cyber-enabled activity, such as account compromise, fraud, unauthorized data access, malware, or service disruption. The term may describe both the directly compromised party and individuals whose information, devices, or accounts are affected through an incident involving another organization.
For security practitioners, victim impact guides triage and response: identify affected systems and data, contain access, preserve evidence, and restore trustworthy operations. Exposed personal or confidential information can create privacy and notification obligations, while compromised credentials or devices may enable further attacks against the victim or its contacts. Recording victim details in threat intelligence—such as the targeted sector, initial access method, and affected assets—can help identify campaigns and improve controls. Clear communication and support also matter, because victims need accurate guidance on credential resets, account monitoring, fraud reporting, and available remediation.