Node.js security covers vulnerabilities, dependency risks, and runtime defenses that can affect server-side applications and their data.
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Background for this topic.
Node.js is an open-source, cross-platform runtime that executes JavaScript outside a web browser, using Google’s V8 engine. Its event-driven, non-blocking input/output model is widely used for web servers, APIs, command-line tools, and backend services. The runtime is not itself an application framework; security outcomes depend substantially on the code and modules running within it.
Security concerns include vulnerabilities in the Node.js runtime, insecure application logic such as injection or server-side request forgery, and risks from the large npm dependency ecosystem. Malicious or compromised packages, unsafe install scripts, transitive dependencies, and prototype-pollution flaws can expand an application’s attack surface. Practitioners should track runtime and package advisories, use lockfiles and dependency review, restrict package-install and process permissions where practical, validate untrusted input, and protect credentials and session data. During incidents, dependency inventories and build records help determine whether a vulnerable module or runtime was deployed.
A threat actor dubbed "RED-LILI" has been linked to an ongoing large-scale supply chain attack campaign targeting the NPM package repository by publishing nearly 800 malicious modules