Impersonation is the deliberate presentation of a person, organization, account, device, or service as another trusted identity. In information security, attackers use stolen credentials, look-alike domains, caller-ID or email spoofing, forged messages, and social engineering to persuade users or systems to accept that false identity. The aim may be account takeover, unauthorized access, fraudulent transactions, or disclosure of sensitive information.
Impersonation commonly targets identity providers, email and messaging systems, help desks, executives, suppliers, and customer-support channels. Useful controls include phishing-resistant multi-factor authentication, least-privilege access, email authentication and domain monitoring, and independent verification of unusual requests—especially changes to payment details or credentials. Detection and response depend on examining authentication logs, device and session context, reported fraudulent messages, and newly registered look-alike domains; compromised accounts should be revoked or reset promptly and impersonated parties notified where appropriate.